639 points by ChrisArchitect 17 hours ago | 41 comments
profsummergig 6 minutes ago
So sad that nobody thought it important to ELI5 whatever on earth "gaussian splatting" means, and how it's different than regular splatting (if there's such a thing), or regular video. To me the video looks like the figures have slightly rounder edges, that's all.
Foreignborn 11 hours ago
I want to shoutout Nial Ashley (aka Llainwire) for doing this in 2023 as a solo act and doing the visuals himself as well - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1ZXg5wVoUU

A shame that kid was slept on. Allegedly (according to discord) he abandoned this because so many artists reached out to have him do this style of mv, instead of wanting to collaborate on music.

killjoywashere 5 hours ago
You're saying Nial used guassian splatting for his video? Or the style of camerawork, staging, and costuming is similar?

Put another way, is this a scientific comparison or an artistic comparison?

GuB-42 47 minutes ago
> many viewers focused on the chaos, the motion, and the unmistakable early MTV energy of the piece

It certainly moves around a lot!

It certainly looks like the tech and art style here are indissociable. Not only the use of Gaussian Splats made such extreme camera movement possible, one can be argued that it made them necessary.

Pause the video and notice the blurriness and general lack of details. But the frantic motion doesn't let the viewer focus on this details, most of them hidden by a copious amount of motion blur anyways.

To me it is typical of demos, both as in the "demoscene" and "tech demo" sense, where the art style is driven by the technology, insisting on what it enables, while at the same time working around its shortcomings. I don't consider it a bad thing of course, it leads to a lot of creativity and interesting art styles.

darhodester 15 hours ago
Hi,

I'm David Rhodes, Co-founder of CG Nomads, developer of GSOPs (Gaussian Splatting Operators) for SideFX Houdini. GSOPs was used in combination with OTOY OctaneRender to produce this music video.

If you're interested in the technology and its capabilities, learn more at https://www.cgnomads.com/ or AMA.

Try GSOPs yourself: https://github.com/cgnomads/GSOPs (example content included).

henjodottech 12 hours ago
I’m fascinated by the aesthetic of this technique. I remember early versions that were completely glitched out and presented 3d clouds of noise and fragments to traverse through. I’m curious if you have any thoughts about creatively ‘abusing’ this tech? Perhaps misaligning things somehow or using some wrong inputs.
jofzar 7 minutes ago
https://youtu.be/eyAVWH61R8E?t=3m53s

Superman is what comes to mind for this

darhodester 10 hours ago
There's a ton of fun tricks you can perform with Gaussian splatting!

You're right that you can intentionally under-construct your scenes. These can create a dream-like effect.

It's also possible to stylize your Gaussian splats to produce NPR effects. Check out David Lisser's amazing work: https://davidlisser.co.uk/Surface-Tension.

Additionally, you can intentionally introduce view-dependent ghosting artifacts. In other words, if you take images from a certain angle that contain an object, and remove that object for other views, it can produce a lenticular/holographic effect.

echelon 2 hours ago
Y'all did such a good job with this. It captivated HN and was the top post for the entire day, and will probably last for much of tomorrow.

If you don't know already, you need to leverage this. HN is one of the biggest channels of engineers and venture capitalists on the internet. It's almost pure signal (minus some grumpy engineer grumblings - we're a grouchy lot sometimes).

Post your contract info here. You might get business inquiries. If you've got any special software or process in what you do, there might be "venture scale" business opportunities that come your way. Certainly clients, but potentially much more.

(I'd certainly like to get in touch!)

--

edit: Since I'm commenting here, I'll expand on my thoughts. I've been rate limited all day long, and I don't know if I can post another response.

I believe volumetric is going to be huge for creative work in the coming years.

Gaussian splats are a huge improvement over point clouds and NeRFs in terms of accessibility and rendering, but the field has so many potential ways to evolve.

I was always in love with Intel's "volume", but it was impractical [1, 2] and got shut down. Their demos are still impressive, especially from an equipment POV, but A$AP Rocky's music video is technically superior.

During the pandemic, to get over my lack of in-person filmmaking, I wrote Unreal Engine shaders to combine the output of several Kinect point clouds [3] to build my own lightweight version inspired by what Intel was doing. The VGA resolution of consumer volumetric hardware was a pain and I was faced with fpga solutions for higher real time resolution, or going 100% offline.

World Labs and Apple are doing exciting work with image-to-Gaussian models [4, 5], and World Labs created the fantastic Spark library [6] for viewing them.

I've been leveraging splats to do controllable image gen and video generation [7], where they're extremely useful for consistent sets and props between shots.

I think the next steps for Gaussian splats are good editing tools, segmenting, physics, etc. The generative models are showing a lot of promise too. The Hunyuan team is supposedly working on a generative Gaussian model.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=24Y4zby6tmo (film)

[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NJUiBZVx5c (hardware)

[3] https://www.twitch.tv/videos/969978954?collection=02RSMb5adR...

[4] https://www.worldlabs.ai/blog/marble-world-model

[5] https://machinelearning.apple.com/research/sharp-monocular-v...

[6] https://sparkjs.dev/

[7] https://github.com/storytold/artcraft (in action: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iD999naQq9A or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8L4_ot1bQA )

darhodester 10 hours ago
The ghost effect is pretty cool, too! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQGtimwfpIo
kqr 3 hours ago
I remember splatting being introduced as a way to capture real life scenes, but one of the links you have provided in this discusson seems to have used a traditional polygon mesh scene as training input for the splat model. How common is this and why would one do it that way over e.g. vertex shader effects that give the mesh a splatty aesthetic?
tamat 1 hour ago
nice work.

I can see that relighting is still a work in progress, as the virtual spot lights tends to look flat and fake. I understand that you are just making brighter splats that fall inside the spotlight cone and darker the ones behind lots of splats.

Do you know if there are plans for gaussian splats to capture unlit albedo, roughness and metalness? So we can relight in a more realistic manner?

Also, environment radiosity doesnt seem to translate to the splats, am I right?

Thanks

npkk2 2 hours ago
I've been mesmerized by the visusals of Gaussian splatting for a while now, congratulations for your great work!

Do you have some benchmarks about what is the geometric precision of these reproductions?

mmaaz 1 hour ago
Really cool work!
dostick 13 hours ago
Can such plugin be possible for Davinci Resolve, to have merge of scene captured from two iPhones with spatial data, into 3D scene? With M4 that shouldn’t be problem?
darhodester 13 hours ago
Yes: https://irrealix.com/plugin/gaussian-splatting-davinci-resol...

(I'm not the author.)

You can train your own splats using Brush or OpenSplat

15 hours ago
c-fe 11 hours ago
Hi David, have you looked into alternatives to 3DGS like https://meshsplatting.github.io/ that promise better results and faster training?
darhodester 10 hours ago
I have. Personally, I'm a big fan of hybrid representations like this. An underlying mesh helps with relighting, deformation, and effective editing operations (a mesh is a sparse node graph for an otherwise unstructured set of data).

However, surface-based constraints can prevent thin surfaces (hair/fur) from reconstructing as well as vanilla 3DGS. It might also inhibit certain reflections and transparency from being reconstructed as accurately.

sbierwagen 15 hours ago
From the article:

>Evercoast deployed a 56 camera RGB-D array

Do you know which depth cameras they used?

bininunez 13 hours ago
We (Evercoast) used 56 RealSense D455s. Our software can run with any camera input, from depth cameras to machine vision to cinema REDs. But for this, RealSense did the job. The higher end the camera, the more expensive and time consuming everything is. We have a cloud platform to scale rendering, but it’s still overall more costly (time and money) to use high res. We’ve worked hard to make even low res data look awesome. And if you look at the aesthetic of the video (90s MTV), we didn’t need 4K/6K/8K renders.
bredren 10 hours ago
You may have explained this elsewhere, but if not—-what kind of post processing did you do to upscale or refine the realsense video?

Can you add any interesting details on the benchmarking done against the RED camera rig?

spookie 45 minutes ago
This is a great question, would love some some feedback on this.

I assume they stuck with realsense for proper depth maps. However, those are both limited to a 6 meters range, and their depth imaging isn't able to resolve features smaller than their native resolution allows (gets worse after 3m too, as there is less and less parallax among other issues). I wonder how they approached that as well.

darhodester 15 hours ago
darhodester 15 hours ago
I was not involved in the capture process with Evercoast, but I may have heard somewhere they used RealSense cameras.

I recommend asking https://www.linkedin.com/in/benschwartzxr/ for accuracy.

brcmthrowaway 15 hours ago
Kinect Azure
secretsatan 15 hours ago
Couldn’t you just use iphone pros for this? I developed an app specifically for photogrammetry capture using AR and the depth sensor as it seemed like a cheap alternative.

EDIT: I realize a phone is not on the same level as a red camera, but i just saw iphones as a massively cheaper option to alternatives in the field i worked in.

F7F7F7 15 hours ago
ASAP Rocky has a fervent fanbase who's been anticipating this album. So I'm assuming that whatever record label he's signed to gave him the budget.

And when I think back to another iconic hip hop (iconic that genre) video where they used practical effects and military helicopters chasing speedboats in the waters off of Santa Monica...I bet they had change to spear.

cwillu 9 hours ago
Is there any reason to think https://thebaffler.com/salvos/the-problem-with-music doesn't apply here?
numpad0 13 hours ago
A single camera only captures the side of the object facing the camera. Knowing how far away that camera facing side of a Rubik's Cube help if you were making educated guesses(novel view synthesis), but it won't solve the problem of actually photographing the backside.

There are usually six sides on a cube, which means you need minimum six iPhone around an object to capture all sides of it to be able to then freely move around it. You might as well seek open-source alternatives than relying on Apple surprise boxes for that.

In cases where your subject would be static, such as it being a building, then you can wave around a single iPhone for the same effect for a result comparable to more expensive rigs, of course.

1 hour ago
darhodester 14 hours ago
I think it's because they already had proven capture hardware, harvest, and processing workflows.

But yes, you can easily use iPhones for this now.

secretsatan 13 hours ago
Looks great by the way, i was wondering if there’s a file format for volumetric video captures
darhodester 10 hours ago
Some companies have a proprietary file format for compressed 4D Gaussian splatting. For example: https://www.gracia.ai and https://www.4dv.ai.

Check this project, for example: https://zju3dv.github.io/freetimegs/

Unfortunately, these formats are currently closed behind cloud processing so adoption is a rather low.

Before Gaussian splatting, textured mesh caches would be used for volumetric video (e.g. Alembic geometry).

itishappy 10 hours ago
https://developer.apple.com/av-foundation/

https://developer.apple.com/documentation/spatial/

Edit: As I'm digging, this seems to be focused on stereoscopic video as opposed to actual point clouds. It appears applications like cinematic mode use a monocular depth map, and their lidar outputs raw point cloud data.

numpad0 8 hours ago
A LIDAR point cloud from a single point of view is a mono-ocular depth map. Unless the LIDAR in question is like, using supernova level gamma rays or neutrino generators for the laser part to get density and albedo volumetric data for its whole distance range.

You just can't see the back of a thing by knowing the shape of the front side with current technologies.

secretsatan 11 hours ago
Recording pointclouds over time i guess i mean. I’m not going to pretend to understand video compression, but could it be possible to do the following movement aspect in 3d the same as 2d?
fastasucan 15 hours ago
Why would they go for the cheapest option?
secretsatan 14 hours ago
It was more the point that technology is much cheaper. The company i worked for had completely missed it while trying to develop in house solutions.
jeffgreco 13 hours ago
Great work! I’d love to see a proper BTS or case study.
darhodester 12 hours ago
I do believe a BTS is being developed.
tokymegz 9 hours ago
Stay tuned
GrowingSideways 38 minutes ago
Take the money and never admit to selling this shit. Why would you ever willingly associate your name with this?
moralestapia 14 hours ago
Random question, since I see your username is green.

How did you find out this was posted here?

Also, great work!

darhodester 14 hours ago
My friend and colleague shared a link with me. Pretty cool to see this trending here. I'm very passionate about Gaussian splatting and developing tools for creatives.

And thank you!

huflungdung 12 hours ago
[dead]
darig 12 hours ago
[dead]
chrisjj 11 hours ago
[flagged]
dagmx 5 hours ago
Is it possible you didn’t comprehend which parts were 3D?

Or if you did, perhaps a critique is better rather than just a low effort diss.

chrisjj 21 minutes ago
I viewed on a flat monitor, so perhaps I missed some 4D and 5D too.
darhodester 6 hours ago
That's hurtful.
11 hours ago
delaminator 1 hour ago
[flagged]
nodra 16 hours ago
Never did I think I would ever see anything close to related to A$AP on HN. I love this place.
keiferski 16 hours ago
Hah, for the past day, I've been trying to somehow submit the Helicopter music video / album as a whole to HN. Glad someone figured out the angle was Gaussian.
PlatoIsADisease 8 hours ago
I run a programming company and one of my sales people was surprised to see I liked soundcloud rap. I was like:

What did you expect?

>Classical music?

Nah I like hype, helps when things are slow.

m4ck_ 8 hours ago
Prokofiev's Alexander Nevsky goes hard if you do want something in the classical world though.
gopher_space 6 hours ago
Doctor Octagon’s “moose bumps” iirc.
stickfigure 16 hours ago
Is he wearing... hair curlers?
nodra 15 hours ago
That's what one does when they want some fiyah curls.
wahnfrieden 15 hours ago
And nearly a Carti post at the top of HN
rw_panic0_0 15 hours ago
I'm taking the opportunity to FWAEH in here
47thpresident 8 hours ago
One day we’ll see a an Osamason or Xaviersobased post on HN
portly 14 hours ago
What do you mean?
wahnfrieden 13 hours ago
Helicopter had a Carti feature that was pulled but leaked, and a promo photoshoot with the two of them for it.
HaZeust 4 hours ago
r/playboicarti is one of my favorite places to go to just turn my brain off and see shitposts that have a certain reminiscence to me, almost a "high school class when the teacher didn't show up" vibe.
wahnfrieden 3 hours ago
95% of its posters are in high school or lower, and are in class during daytime hours, so that's a part of why it makes you feel like that
callbacked 13 hours ago
yeah that had me do a double take lol
joshcsimmons 14 hours ago
Why is that “cool” or desirable?
amazingman 14 hours ago
Because expertise, love, and care cut across all human endeavor, and noticing those things across domains can be a life affirming kind of shared experience.
shikshake 13 hours ago
Perfect comment, but it’s very funny to me that you even needed to say it. Some folks on here talk like moon people who have never met humans before.
HaZeust 4 hours ago
Favorited. This will be a timeless comment for me, and will remind some perspective to appreciate things I might not be otherwise familiar with, and thereby care about.
nodra 13 hours ago
Desirable because it’s a rare culture + tooling combo. I’m into both and HN is one of the few places I would see them come together. So yeah, “cool”
throwadobe 11 hours ago
[flagged]
dang 9 hours ago
"Please don't post shallow dismissals, especially of other people's work. A good critical comment teaches us something."

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html

itishappy 9 hours ago
Right, that's how culture works. There's no universal definition.
nodra 10 hours ago
What do you mean by that?
throwadobe 10 hours ago
[flagged]
zapzupnz 10 hours ago
Not everything has to be. Sometimes, an artist's style or a particular track just hits a particular vibe one may be after or need in a particular moment.

I'm not a fan of this music either but I could imagine hearing it while I'm studying or coding.

Don't trash something just because it's not your vibe. Not everything has to be Mozart.

throwadobe 10 hours ago
I mean, it's not like I trashed it or compared it to Mozart—I even made sure to include "interesting, stimulating, or tonally remarkable" in an attempt to preempt that latter pushback.

But even if I did, why can't I? It's fine to call some music shit. Just like you can call my opinion shit.

Policing dissenting opinions and saying everything is equally worthy of praise are two sides of the same coin sliding in the vending machine that sells us the sad state of affairs we live in today.

lifeformed 5 hours ago
You can say whatever you want, but pretentious sneering is annoying, don't be surprised if people push back.
jmye 9 hours ago
You absolutely trashed it in your first sneering, shitty swipe about “culture”. You don’t get to make comments like that and then whine about “policing” like a four year-old caught in the cookie jar.
yeeetz 10 hours ago
don't be a square
throwadobe 10 hours ago
I'm not, I promise
pleurotus 16 hours ago
Super cool to read but can someone eli5 what Gaussian splatting is (and/or radiance fields?) specifically to how the article talks about it finally being "mature enough"? What's changed that this is now possible?
meindnoch 14 hours ago
1. Create a point cloud from a scene (either via lidar, or via photogrammetry from multiple images)

2. Replace each point of the point cloud with a fuzzy ellipsoid, that has a bunch of parameters for its position + size + orientation + view-dependent color (via spherical harmonics up to some low order)

3. If you render these ellipsoids using a differentiable renderer, then you can subtract the resulting image from the ground truth (i.e. your original photos), and calculate the partial derivatives of the error with respect to each of the millions of ellipsoid parameters that you fed into the renderer.

4. Now you can run gradient descent using the differentiable renderer, which makes your fuzzy ellipsoids converge to something closely reproducing the ground truth images (from multiple angles).

5. Since the ellipsoids started at the 3D point cloud's positions, the 3D structure of the scene will likely be preserved during gradient descent, thus the resulting scene will support novel camera angles with plausible-looking results.

klondike_klive 14 hours ago
You... you must have been quite some 5 year old.
efskap 8 hours ago
ELI5 has meant friendly simplified explanations (not responses aimed at literal five-year-olds) since forever, at least on the subreddit where the concept originated.

Now, perhaps referring to differentiability isn't layperson-accessible, but this is HN after all. I found it to be the perfect degree of simplification personally.

SchemaLoad 12 hours ago
Some things would be literally impossible to properly explain to a 5 year old.
zapzupnz 10 hours ago
If one actually tried to explain to a five year old, they can use things like analogy, simile, metaphor, and other forms of rhetoric. This was just a straight-up technical explanation.
np_tedious 8 hours ago
Lol. Def not for 5 year olds but it's about exactly what I needed

How about this:

Take a lot of pictures of a scene from different angles, do some crazy math, and then you can later pretend to zoom and pan the camera around however you want

KeplerBoy 1 hour ago
sure, but does that explanation really help anyone. Imo it might scare people off actually diving into things, the math isn't too crazy.
alok-g 8 hours ago
Thanks.

How hard is it to handle cases where the starting positions of ellipsoids in 3D is not correct (being too off). How common is such a scenario with the state of the art? E.g., if having only a stereoscopic image pair, the correspondences are often not accurate.

Thanks.

pleurotus 3 hours ago
Thanks for the explanation!
renewiltord 11 hours ago
Great explanation/simplification. Top quality contribution.
chrisjj 11 hours ago
Or: Matrix bullet time with more viewpoints and less quality.
12 hours ago
tel 16 hours ago
Gaussian splatting is a way to record 3-dimensional video. You capture a scene from many angles simultaneously and then combine all of those into a single representation. Ideally, that representation is good enough that you can then, post-production, simulate camera angles you didn't originally record.

For example, the camera orbits around the performers in this music video are difficult to imagine in real space. Even if you could pull it off using robotic motion control arms, it would require that the entire choreography is fixed in place before filming. This video clearly takes advantage of being able to direct whatever camera motion the artist wanted in the 3d virtual space of the final composed scene.

To do this, the representation needs to estimate the radiance field, i.e. the amount and color of light visible at every point in your 3d volume, viewed from every angle. It's not possible to do this at high resolution by breaking that space up into voxels, those scale badly, O(n^3). You could attempt to guess at some mesh geometry and paint textures on to it compatible with the camera views, but that's difficult to automate.

Gaussian splatting estimates these radiance fields by assuming that the radiance is build from millions of fuzzy, colored balls positioned, stretched, and rotated in space. These are the Gaussian splats.

Once you have that representation, constructing a novel camera angle is as simple as positioning and angling your virtual camera and then recording the colors and positions of all the splats that are visible.

It turns out that this approach is pretty amenable to techniques similar to modern deep learning. You basically train the positions/shapes/rotations of the splats via gradient descent. It's mostly been explored in research labs but lately production-oriented tools have been built for popular 3d motion graphics tools like Houdini, making it more available.

pleurotus 3 hours ago
Thanks for the explanation! It makes a lot of sense that voxels would scale as badly as they do, especially if you want to increase resolution. Am I right in assuming that the reason this scales a lot better is because the Gaussian splats, once there's enough "resolution" of them, can provide the estimates for how light works reasonably well at most distances? What I'm getting at is, if I can see Gaussian splats vs voxels similarly to pixels vs vector graphics in images?
cubefox 14 hours ago
> Gaussian splatting is a way to record 3-dimensional video.

I would say it's a 3D photo, not a 3D video. But there are already extensions to dynamic scenes with movement.

poly2it 14 hours ago
See 4D splatting.
tiborsaas 9 hours ago
Brain dances!
dmarcos 15 hours ago
It’s a point cloud where each point is a semitransparent blob that can have a view dependent color: color changes depending on direction you look at them. Allowing to capture reflections, iridescence…

You generate the point clouds from multiple images of a scene or an object and some machine learning magic

KerrickStaley 10 hours ago
This 2-minute video is a great intro to the topic https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVv_IQKlafQ

I think this tech has become "production-ready" recently due to a combination of research progress (the seminal paper was published in 2023 https://repo-sam.inria.fr/fungraph/3d-gaussian-splatting/) and improvements to differentiable programming libraries (e.g. PyTorch) and GPU hardware.

djeastm 16 hours ago
For the ELI5, Gaussian splatting represents the scene as millions of tiny, blurry colored blobs in 3D space and renders by quickly "splatting" them onto the screen, making it much faster than computing an image by querying a neural net model like radiance fields.

I'm not up on how things have changed recently

krackers 12 hours ago
ravedave5 10 hours ago
This is a REALLY good video explaining it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eekCQQYwlgA
rkuykendall-com 16 hours ago
I found this VFX breakdown of the recent Superman movie to have a great explanation of what it is and what it makes possible: https://youtu.be/eyAVWH61R8E?t=232

tl;dr eli5: Instead of capturing spots of color as they would appear to a camera, they capture spots of color and where they exist in the world. By combining multiple cameras doing this, you can make a 3D works from footage that you can then zoom a virtual camera round.

michaelrubloff 13 hours ago
I also spoke to the vfx team from Superman on how they achieved the reconstructions! (I’m also the author for the Helicopter article here).

https://radiancefields.com/gaussian-splatting-in-superman

16 hours ago
rubzah 33 minutes ago
Oh wow, somehow I was not aware of how capable this technology has become, looks like a major game changer, across many fields.

In the near term, it could be very useful for sports replays. The UFC has this thing where they stitch together sequences of images from cameras all around the ring, to capture a few seconds of '360 degree' video of important moments. It looks horrible, this would be a huge improvement.

noman-land 16 hours ago
Really amazing video. Unfortunately this article is like 60% over my head. Regardless, I actually love reading jargon-filled statements like this that are totally normal to the initiated but are completely inscrutable to outsiders.

    "That data was then brought into Houdini, where the post production team used CG Nomads GSOPs for manipulation and sequencing, and OTOY’s OctaneRender for final rendering. Thanks to this combination, the production team was also able to relight the splats."
darhodester 16 hours ago
Hi, I'm one of the creators of GSOPs for SideFX Houdini.

The gist is that Gaussian splats can replicate reality quite effectively with many 3D ellipsoids (stored as a type of point cloud). Houdini is software that excels at manipulating vast numbers of points, and renderers (such as Octane) can now leverage this type of data to integrate with traditional computer graphics primitives, lights, and techniques.

suzzer99 15 hours ago
Can you put "Gaussing splats" in some kind of real world metaphor so I can understand what it means? Either that or explain why "Gaussian" and why "splat".

I am vaguely aware of stuff like Gaussian blur on Photoshop. But I never really knew what it does.

darhodester 15 hours ago
Sure!

Gaussian splatting is a bit like photogrammetry. That is, you can record video or take photos of an object or environment from many angles and reproduce it in 3D. Gaussians have the capability to "fade" their opacity based on a Gaussian distribution. This allows them to blend together in a seamless fashion.

The splatting process is achieved by using gradient descent from each camera/image pair to optimize these ellipsoids (Gaussians) such that the reproduce the original inputs as closely as possible. Given enough imagery and sufficient camera alignment, performed using Structure from Motion, you can faithfully reproduce the entire space.

Read more here: https://towardsdatascience.com/a-comprehensive-overview-of-g....

sowbug 6 hours ago
I think this means that you could produce more versions of this music video from other points of view without having to shoot the video again. For example, the drone-like effects could take a different path through the scene. Or you could move people/objects around and still get the lighting right.

Given where this technology is today, you could imagine 5-10 years from now people will watch live sports on TV, but with their own individual virtual drone that lets them view the field from almost any point.

joshvm 13 hours ago
> I am vaguely aware of stuff like Gaussian blur on Photoshop. But I never really knew what it does.

Blurring is a convolution or filter operation. You take a small patch of image (5x5 pixels) and you convolve it with another fixed matrix, called a kernel. Convolution says multiply element-wise and sum. You replace the center pixel with the result.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box_blur is the simplest kernel - all ones, and divide by the kernel size. Every pixel becomes the average of itself and its neighbors, which looks blurry. Gaussian blur is calculated in an identical way, but the matrix elements follow the "height" of a 2D Gaussian with some amplitude. It results in a bit more smoothing as farther pixels have less influence. Bigger the kernel, more blurrier the result.There are a lot of these basic operations:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(image_processing)

If you see "Gaussian", it implies the distribution is used somewhere in the process, but splatting and image kernels are very different operations.

For what it's worth I don't think the Wikipedia article on Gaussian Blur is particularly accessible.

two_handfuls 8 hours ago
> explain why "Gaussian" and why "splat".

Happily. Gaussian splats are a technique for 3D images, related to point clouds. They do the same job (take a 3D capture of reality and generate pictures later from any point of view "close enough" to the original).

The key idea is that instead of a bunch of points, it stores a bunch of semi-transparent blobs - or "splats". The transparency increases quickly with distance, following a normal distribution- also known as the "Gaussian distribution."

Hence, "Gaussian splats".

shwaj 15 hours ago
How can you expect someone to tailor a custom explanation, when they don’t know your level of mathematical understanding, or even your level of curiosity. You don’t know what a Gaussian blur does; do you know what a Gaussian is? How deeply do you want to understand?

If you’re curious start with the Wikipedia article and use an LLM to help you understand the parts that don’t make sense. Or just ask the LLM to provide a summary at the desired level of detail.

F7F7F7 15 hours ago
There's a Corridor Digital video being shared that explains it perfectly. With very little math.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=cetf0qTZ04Y

homebessguy 1 hour ago
Amazing video, thanks for sharing this.
suzzer99 10 hours ago
> How can you expect someone to tailor a custom explanation, when they don’t know your level of mathematical understanding, or even your level of curiosity.

The other two replies did a pretty good job!

15 hours ago
michaelrubloff 13 hours ago
My bad! I am the author. Gaussian splatting allows you to take a series of normal 2D images or a video and reconstruct very lifelike 3D from it. It’s a type of radiance field, like NeRFs or voxel based methods like Plenoxels!
pants2 16 hours ago
Corridor has done some great stuff with Gaussian Splats, I recommend this video for a primer!

https://youtube.com/watch?v=cetf0qTZ04Y

appplication 13 hours ago
Reminds me of Kurtwood Smith’s piping sales pitch in The Patriot
tokymegz 9 hours ago
Hello! I’m Chris Rutledge, the post EP / cg supervisor at Grin Machine. Happy to answer any questions. Glad people are enjoying this video, was so fun to get to play with this technique and help break it into some mainstream production
origamiarmy 9 hours ago
Awesome work, incredibly well done! What was the process like for setting the direction on use of these techniques with Rakim? Were you basically just trusted to make something great or did they have a lot of opinions on the technicalities?
darhodester 9 hours ago
Grin Machine knocked this out of the park!

Great job, Chris and crew!

rjh29 16 hours ago
To be honest it looks like it was rendered in an old version of Unreal Engine. That may be an intentional choice - I wonder how realistic guassian splatting can look? Can you redo lights, shadows, remove or move parts of the scene, while preserving the original fidelity and realism?

The way TV/movie production is going (record 100s of hours of footage from multiple angles and edit it all in post) I wonder if this is the end state. Gaussian splatting for the humans and green screens for the rest?

darhodester 16 hours ago
The aesthetic here is at least partially an intentional choice to lean into the artifacts produced by Gaussian splatting, particularly dynamic (4DGS) splatting. There is temporal inconsistency when capturing performances like this, which are exacerbated by relighting.

That said, the technology is rapidly advancing and this type of volumetric capture is definitely sticking around.

The quality can also be really good, especially for static environments: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/christoph-schindelar-79515351....

F7F7F7 15 hours ago
Knowing what I know about the artist in this video this was probably more about the novelty of the technology and the creative freedom it offers rather than it is budget.
TeMPOraL 14 hours ago
For me it felt more like higher detail version of Teardown, the voxel-based 3d demolition game. Sure it's splats and not voxels, but the camera and the lighting give this strong voxel game vibe.
WD-42 8 hours ago
I wonder if you are thinking Source engine? I was getting serious skibidi toilet vibes during several parts of this video.
michaelrubloff 13 hours ago
We will be able to have imax level 3D technically today if you feed it the correct data
clint 13 hours ago
Several of ASAP's video have a lo-fi retro vibe, or specific effects such as simulating stuff like a mpeg a/v corruption, check out A$AP Mob - Yamborghini High (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tt7gP_IW-1w)
moi2388 16 hours ago
Yes, they talk about this in the article and that’s exactly what they did.
rjh29 14 hours ago
It wasn't clear to me how much this was intentional vs. being the limits of the technology at the moment.
cubefox 16 minutes ago
I guess the technology still has some quality limitations, otherwise we would already see it in mainstream movies, e.g. to simulate smooth camera motions beyond what is achievable with video stabilization. It's much more difficult to achieve 4K quality that holds up on a movie theater screen, without visible artifacts, than to do an artistic music video.
squidsoup 14 hours ago
Tangential, but I've been exploring gaussian splatting as a photographic/artistic medium for a while, and love the expressionistic quality of the model output when deprived of data.

https://bayardrandel.com/gaussographs/

kroaton 13 hours ago
Loving this; great work! Do you talk about the process anywhere in more depth?
squidsoup 13 hours ago
Thanks! I'm using the KIRI Engine in Blender to render splats from my photos (https://github.com/Kiri-Innovation/3dgs-render-blender-addon) and then process the image as I would my photography in Lightroom. There are lots of different photogrammetry tools for generating plys (the point cloud) like PolyCam (https://poly.cam).
darhodester 14 hours ago
Cool aesthetic!
daveofiveo 16 hours ago
Direct link to the music video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1-46Nu3HxQ
dang 15 hours ago
Good idea - we'll put that link in the toptext as well. Thanks!
roughly 16 hours ago
Be sure to watch the video itself* - it’s really a great piece of work. The energy is frenetic and it’s got this beautiful balance of surrealism from the effects and groundedness from the human performances.

* (Mute it if you don’t like the music, just like the rest of us will if you complain about the music)

filoleg 15 hours ago
Similarly, the music video for Taylor Swif[0] (another track by A$AP Rocky) is just as surrealistic and weird in the best way possible, but with an eastern european flavor of it (which is obviously intentional and makes sense, given the filming location and being very on-the-nose with the theme).

0. https://youtu.be/5URefVYaJrA

prmoustache 52 minutes ago
I can see how this kind of videos can attract the tiktok addicts with less than 3 seconds of attention time.

I wonder what will be the state of cinema/series/video clips in 30 years? Will singers/rappers give up sentences completely and just mention names of emojis? Will we have to use screens at 576hz to be able to watch acclerated videos without seeing a constant blur?

I guess most kids from today would fall asleep before the end of the generic of Twin Peaks or the opening scene of Fargo.

roughly 12 hours ago
Holy shit that’s great. I need to check a few more of his videos.
superjan 14 hours ago
Watch the video to the very end: the final splat is not a gaussian one.
nelkazzu 7 hours ago
It’s interesting to see Gaussian splatting show up in a mainstream music video this quickly. A year ago it was mostly a research demo, and now artists are using it as part of their visual toolkit. What I find most notable is how well splats handle chaotic motion like helicopter shots — it’s one of the few 3D reconstruction methods that doesn’t completely fall apart with fast movement. Feels like we’re going to see a lot more of this in creative work before it shows up in anything “serious”.
diffuse_l 14 hours ago
Too bad, but I managed to watch about 30 seconds of the video before getting motion sickness.

Seems like a really cool technology, though.

I wonder if anyone else got the same response, or it's just me.

darhodester 14 hours ago
My wife said the same thing, but it gets better after the intro.
lwhi 14 hours ago
I loved the video. Didn't get the motion sickness myself.
periodjet 12 hours ago
The end result is really interesting. As others have pointed out, it looks sort of like it was rendered by an early 2000s game engine. There’s a cohesiveness to the art direction that you just can’t get from green screens and the like. In service of some of the worst music made by human brains, but still really cool tech.
karol 3 hours ago
The rap seems rather derivative, lyrics contain mandatory token "pussy".
defrost 2 hours ago
It's a post about the visuals not the libretto.

If you're looking for bars sans pussy, read on: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKifJ4Q5ph0

15 hours ago
e9 7 hours ago
I was wondering how these kind of scenes were done in the movie Enter The Void back in 2009. Maybe they used different technique but looks very similar: https://vimeo.com/60239415
jtolmar 15 hours ago
Dang, it's been cool watching gaussian splats go from tech demo to real workflow.
darhodester 14 hours ago
For sure!
Findecanor 8 hours ago
I can't really respect the artist though, after the assault on a random bystander in Stockholm in 2019 — for which he was convicted. He got off too easy.

I would have refused to work on this.

millitzer 11 hours ago
You could also pull a Michel Gondry and do it with practical effects. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5FyfQDO5g0&list=RDs5FyfQDO5...
Footprint0521 13 hours ago
They really said it’s capturing everything when A$AP Rocky’s Gaussian splatted mouth in that video be looking worse than AI generated video lol
badcryptobitch 14 hours ago
Both of my worlds are colliding with this article. I love reading about how deeply technical products/artifacts get used in art.
narrator 15 hours ago
This reminds me about how Soulja Boy just used a cracked copy of Fruity Loops and a cheap microphone and recorded all his songs that made him millions.[1] Edit: Ok this was a big team of VFX producers who did this. Still, prices are coming down dramatically in general, but yeah that idea is a bit of an underfit to this case.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1rjhVe59ek

enneff 15 hours ago
You might consider why this article which has nothing to do with AI as you know it (except for the machine learning aspects of Gaussian splatting), and was produced by a huge team of vfx professionals, has made you think about AI democratising culture (despite the fact that music videos and films have been cheap to make for decades). Don’t just look for opportunities to discuss your favourite talking points.
narrator 15 hours ago
Fair point actually. touché.
comradesmith 15 hours ago
I really don’t see the connection. A$AP isn’t a noob
15 hours ago
drdirk 16 hours ago
Can somebody explain to me what was actually scanned? Only the actors doing movements like push ups, or whole scenes / rooms?
moribvndvs 15 hours ago
In another setting, it looks like ass, but lo-fi, glitchy shit is perfectly compatible with hip-hop aesthetic. Good track though.
henshao 15 hours ago
I think in 2026 it's hard to make a video look this "bad" without it being a clear aesthetic choice, so not sure you could find this video in another setting.
ungreased0675 15 hours ago
The technology is impressive, but the end result… Weapons-grade brainrot.

I’m curious what other artists end up making with it.

SamBam 11 hours ago
I really disagree with the label brainrot. Brainrot is low-quality garbage with no artistic merit, and very little thought behind its creation, which does nothing but make you briefly pause while scrolling, before scrolling away with no lasting impression being done to your mind (besides increased boredom and inability to focus).

This is clearly an artistic statement, whether you like the art or not. A ton of thought and time was put into it. And people will likely be thinking and discussing this video for some time to come.

F7F7F7 15 hours ago
The article said it was by design...
lawgimenez 14 hours ago
A$AP Rocky’s music videos has been always great.
jimbo808 8 hours ago
A$ap Rocky's music videos have some really good examples of how AI can be used creatively and not just to generate slop. My favorite is Taylor Swif, it's a super fun video to watch.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5URefVYaJrA

firecall 5 hours ago
It would be super cool if these articles or websites actually explained anywhere what volumetric capture and radiance fields actually are!
GrowingSideways 7 hours ago
The splatting seems to be video only but I could be wrong.

It's only a matter of time until the #1 hit figures out how to make this work

weinzierl 15 hours ago
"The team also used Blender heavily for layout and previs, converting splat sequences into lightweight proxy caches for scene planning."
iamleppert 9 hours ago
The texture of Gaussian Splatting always looks off to me. It looks like the entire scene has been textured or has a bad, uniform film grain filter to me. Everything looks a little off in an unpleasing way -- things that should be sharp are aren't, and things that should be blurry are not. It's uncanny valley and not in a good way. I don't get what all the rage is about it and it always looks like really poor B-roll to me.
hackable_sand 2 hours ago
Good shit
MuffinFlavored 16 hours ago
How did Rhianna look him in the eyes and say "yes babe, good album, release it, this is what the people wanted after 7 years, it is pleasing to listen to and enjoyable"?
larsmaxfield 16 hours ago
I prefer when artists make music they intrinsically want to make — not what others want them to make.
b00ty4breakfast 15 hours ago
the real question is how much of the art is their own and how much is outside expectations and their reactions to it.

And it's not always giving in to those voices, sometimes it's going in the opposite direction specifically to subvert those voices and expectations even if that ends up going against your initial instincts as an artist.

With someone like A$AP Rocky, there is a lot of money on the line wrt the record execs but even small indie artists playing to only a hundred people a night have to contend with audience expectation and how that can exert an influence on their creativity.

perfmode 15 hours ago
It seems the numerous leaks and trials took their toll.

I don’t disagree with you—I felt “Tailor Swif,” “DMB,” and “Both Eyes Closed” were all stronger than the tracks that made it onto this album.

But sometimes you’ve gotta ship the project in the state it’s in and move on with your life.

Maybe now he can move forward and start working on something new. And perhaps that project will be stronger.

delbronski 15 hours ago
Im sure it was more like, “hey babe, can I get a few millions to go in the studio and experiment/make some art?” And then she was like, “yeah go for it! Make some weird shit.”

If I was in his position I’d probably be doing the same. Why bother with another top hit that pleases the masses.

weakfish 15 hours ago
Because it was awesome. But also, leaks probably.
renewiltord 11 hours ago
Wow, back to music videos. It’s been years. This is a great one.
yieldcrv 16 hours ago
so basically despite the higher resource requirements like 10TB of data for 30 minutes of footage, the compositing is so much faster and more flexible and those resources can be deleted or moved to long term storage in the cloud very quickly and the project can move on

fascinating

I wouldn't have normally read this and watched the video, but my Claude sessions were already executing a plan

the tl;dr is that all the actors were scanned in a 3D point cloud system and then "NeRF"'d which means to extrapolate any missing data about their transposed 3D model

this was then more easily placed into the video than trying to compose and place 2D actors layer by layer

darhodester 15 hours ago
Gaussian splatting is not NeRF (neural radiance field), but it is a type of radiance field, and supports novel view synthesis. The difference is in an explicit point cloud representation (Gaussian splatting), versus a process that needs to be inferred by a neural network.
IshKebab 11 hours ago
It's not a type of radiance field.
michaelrubloff 10 hours ago
It’s literally the name of gaussian splatting. 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real Time Radiance Fields

https://repo-sam.inria.fr/fungraph/3d-gaussian-splatting/

IshKebab 3 hours ago
Hmm if gaussian splatting is radiance field rendering then so is any 3D rendering, and what's the point of using the name? Though having looked up the name it seems like it isn't well defined enough to mean much anyway tbh.
andybak 16 hours ago
> and then "NeRF"'d which means to extrapolate any missing data about their transposed 3D model

Not sure if it's you or the original article but that's a slightly misleading summary of NeRFs.

yieldcrv 15 hours ago
I'm all for the better summary
aidenn0 6 hours ago
Maybe I'm getting old, but I can't watch for more than about 5 seconds without getting a headache.
sneak 16 hours ago
> One recurring reaction to the video has been confusion. Viewers assume the imagery is AI-generated. According to Evercoast, that couldn’t be further from the truth. Every stunt, every swing, every fall was physically performed and captured in real space. What makes it feel synthetic is the freedom volumetric capture affords.

No, it’s simply the framerate.

KevinMS 14 hours ago
aren't music videos supposed to have music?
hahahahhaah 14 hours ago
it does, it just doesn't have video
londons_explore 16 hours ago
Pretty sure most of this could be filmed with a camera drone and preprogrammed flight path...

Did the Gaussian splatting actually make it any cheaper? Especially considering that it needed 50+ fixed camera angles to splat properly, and extensive post-processing work both computationally and human labour, a camera drone just seems easier.

hamburglar 16 hours ago
> Pretty sure most of this could be filmed with a camera drone and preprogrammed flight path

This is a “Dropbox is just ftp and rsync” level comment. There’s a shot in there where Rocky is sitting on top of the spinning blades of a helicopter and the camera smoothly transitions from flying around the room to solidly rotating along with the blades, so it’s fixed relative to rocky. Not only would programming a camera drone to follow this path be extremely difficult (and wouldn’t look as good), but just setting up the stunt would be cost prohibitive.

This is just one example of the hundreds you could come up with.

mlyle 12 hours ago
Drones and 2d compositing could do a lot. They would excel in some areas used in the video, require far more resources than this technique in others, and be completely infeasible on a few.

They would look much better in a very "familiar" way. They would have much less of the glitch and dynamic aesthetic that makes this so novel.

nebezb 16 hours ago
If it was achievable, cheaper, and of equal quality then it would have been done that way. Surely it would’ve been done that way a long time ago too. Drone paths have been around a lot longer than this technology.

There’s no proof of your claim and this video is proof of the opposite.

darhodester 16 hours ago
A drone path would not allow for such seamless transitions, never mind the planning required to nail all that choreography, effects, etc.

This approach is 100% flexible, and I'm sure at least part of the magic came from the process of play and experimentation in post.

larsmaxfield 16 hours ago
Flying a camera drone with such proximity and acceleration would be a safety nightmare.
ex-aws-dude 16 hours ago
I think you’re missing the point

Volumetric capture like this allows you to decide on the camera angles in post-production

ThouYS 16 hours ago
it gives you flexibility, options
F7F7F7 15 hours ago
This might be the first time I'm stumbling on Dunning Kruger on HN, no offense.
gopher_space 5 hours ago
Check any article dealing with education or labor.
levroly 1 hour ago
Im heck
echelon 16 hours ago
It's fucking cool. That's why.

This tech is moving along at breakneck pace and now we're all talking about it. A drone video wouldn't have done that.